Global interest in edible herbs for health care and health promotion has increased significantly in recent years. Ganoderma lucidum is a forest fungus with a woody texture that has been used since ancient times to enhance health and prevent and treat many diseases due to its wide range of secondary metabolites with abundant medicinal properties. So far, many cellular mechanisms have been proposed to explain how the active metabolites function and the health and hygienic properties of this valuable medicinal fungus, including anti-cancer, anti-viral, anti-bacterial, enhanced cellular immunity, antioxidant and many more. This article reviews the scientific findings of scientists on the antimicrobial properties of the medicinal fungus G. lucidum.

Introduction: The growth and accumulation of microorganismes on the textile surfaces that compromises the hygienic and clealiness, because this kind of textils can be made according to possible uses: Protective clothing, hospital uses, home textiles, bandages & dressing of the wounds, so antimiecrobial fibers were prepared.Aim: Studing the effect of antifungal activity of amtimicrobial fibers.Materials and Methods: In this investigation we used two different methodes for evaluoting antifungal activity of antimicrobial fibers, the methodes are: disck plate & flask shake test.In experimental states Aspergillus niger PTCC 5011 and Candida albicans PTCC 5072 which are different types of fungus strains were used, in addition different types of fibers.Different experment, that had three kinds of control as flowing were accomplished, 1- fibers control (nonantimicrobial fibers+fungus) 2- Positive control of growth of fungus (culture media without fibers+fungus) 3- Negative control of fungus growth (Pure antimicrobial solution+fungus) Also antimicrobial activity of different fibers with variable percentage of this antimicrobial material (30%, 60%, 100%) were evaluated.Fungus spores with (104- 105/ml) was added to different flasks containing test specimen & buffer phosphate. After sampling at different time (0.24h & 48h), the number of fungus are counted by agar plate method at 30oC with 3 repeated the same test.Results: The results indicated that the most activity of antifungal was by 100% Solution pure on these fungi, but the fiber with different additive Solutions of antimicrobe are not efficient on the A. niger, however in case of Candida albicans fibers the reducible effect (92.41% & 91.57%) on the number Candida albicans was noticed and with 30% antimicrobial additive no antifungal effect was revealed.Conclusion: considering the results fibers with 100% antimicrobial material can be used against Candida albicans.

Datura stramonium is well known as a valuable drug in many diseases including inflammation, wounds, fever and toothache, and its extract has significant antimicrobial activity. Therefore, this study was performed to isolate the ethanolic extract of D. stramonium leaves and to investigate its antimicrobial activity. In this study, D. stramonium extract was obtained using the maceration method. Antimicrobial methods of disk diffusion agar, well diffusion agar, minimum inhibitory concentration, and minimum bactericidal concentration were used to determine the antibacterial activity of ethanolic extract of D. stramonium leaves against Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhimurium, Staphylococcus aureus, and Bacillus cereus. The antimicrobial activity of the extract was concentration dependent and the highest diameter of growth inhibition zone was observed at a concentration of 60 mg/ml of the extract. According to disk diffusion agar and well diffusion agar tests, S. aureus and S. typhimurium had the highest and lowest diameter of growth inhibition zones, respectively. The minimum inhibitory concentrations for E. coli, S. typhimurium, S. aureus and B. cereus were 16, 16, 8 and 8 mg/ml, respectively, and the minimum bactericidal concentrations for these bacteria were 256, 256, 64, and 128 mg/ml, respectively. In general, Gram-positive bacteria were more sensitive to the extract than Gram-negative types. Ethanolic extract of D. stramonium leaves can be used as a natural antimicrobial agent to prevent the growth of pathogenic bacteria and treat related diseases.

Three extracts of Pulicaria dysenterica were examined for antibacterial activity using the agar disk-diffusion method against six bacterial strains. Some of these extracts were found to be active against some bacterial strains. The methanolic extract exhibited a superior level of antibacterial activity. All of the extracts were active against Vibrio chlorea

Background and Objective: The extensive increasing antibiotic resistance in the world made us use natural probiotic compounds as a curing alternative.In this study two lactobaclilli (L. casei and L. acidophilus), which in another survey were determined as the most active probiotics for removing and eliminating cholesterol, were chosen to evaluate their antibacterial activity against pathogens.Material and Methods: This case control study had performed on the Lactobacillus isolated strains from the Fars local dairy products. The resistance of the lactobacillus strains to antibiotics was assessed using disk diffusion method. Also, in order to evaluate their ability to inhibite the growth of other pathogens, the obtained supernatant of their 72 hours broth culture have been used by agar diffusion method in both active and inactive condition.Results: Although L. casei was resistant to all assayed antibiotics, L. acidophilus was susceptible to tobramycin and vancomycin. Also, the antibacterial studies of the Lactobacilli on several pathogens showed an inhibition zone for most of the assayed pathogens except for B. subtilis.Conclusion: According to the resistance of these two lactobacilli to the ordinary antibiotics and their high antibacterial activities against the nosocomial infections, they are applicable for probiotics purposes.